|
|
Vliv věku při prvním otelení na mléčnou užitkovost holštýnských dojnic v konkrétním podniku
Landová, Valentýna
The bachelor thesis dealt with the effect of age at first calving of Holstein dairy cows on their subsequent milk yield. In the literature section, the basic characteristics of Holstein cattle, milk yield, milk composition and the influences on milk yield were described. In addition, fertility and reproduction of cows were defined in more detail. The practical part took place on a farm located in the Central Bohemia region. A total of 52 Holstein dairy cows were included in the evaluation. The selected cows were divided into four groups according to their age at first calving (calved up to 21 months, 22-23 months, 24-25 months and over 26 months). The data from the performance monitoring of Holstein cows in their first lactation were used in this study. Milk performance parameters monitored included milk yield, fat, protein, lactose, urea and somatic cell count. The effect of lactation stage on the listed milk parameters was also monitored. The lowest milk production was achieved by cows calving at 21 months of age (29.74 kg milk). On the other hand, the highest milk yield was obtained by cows calved at the age of 26 months and above (33.52 kg milk). This difference was found to be statistically significant (p<0.05). Furthermore, a sta-tistically significant difference (p<0.05) was found between the average milk yield of cows calved at less than 21 months of age and those calved at 24-25 months of age. The effect of age at first calving did not have a statistically significant difference (p>0.05) on the other observed milk contents.
|
|
|
Reprodukční a užitkové vlastnosti dojnic
Leznová, Sára
The aim of the bachelor thesis was to evaluate the reproductive and useful properties of dairy cows. The work deals with the comparison of performance parameters and reprodu-ctive properties of milked cattle. The first part summarizes the basic reproductive indica-tors. The next part of the thesis discusses milk and its content of components and its qua-lity, which is followed by the chapter on milk productivity. The production and consump-tion of milk is evaluated in the work both within the Czech Republic and worldwide. In the practical part, the following reproductive indicators were evaluated: Insemination in-terval, service period, insemination index and intermediate period. The level of selected reproductive and utility indicators was analyzed for individual groups of dairy cows ac-cording to the season in one year.
|
|
|
Zhodnocení efektivity vyhledávání říjí skotu pomocí systému Ovalert
Janečková, Kateřina
This bachelor thesis is focused on reproduction in cattle, specifically detection of estrus using various methods which aim is to detect estrus in time. In the introduction of a literary section, there are information about fertility, influences that affect fertility and sexual maturity. The summary chapter about physiology of reproduction includes a set of information about genitals, corpus luteum and reproduction cycle, including its hormonal control. Subsequently, attention is focussed on estrus, detection of estrus and methods of detection. Synchronization of estrus, insemination, reinsemination and reproductive indicators are mentioned at the end of the literature review. Practical part is devoted to evaluation of results of the reproduction of a specific company. Two periods are monitored, namely before and after introduction of system Ovalert. Finally, costs of the reproduction are evaluated. The conclusion of the thesis summarizes the methods of estrus detection and evaluates the system Ovalert.
|
|
|
Porovnání různých způsobů odchovu telat v období mléčné výživy u holštýnského skotu
Adámek, Jiří
The bachelor's thesis deals with the comparison of different methods of rearing Holstein calves in the period of milk feeding. The research was carried out in the Mír Agricultural Cooperative with headquarters in Ratiboř and on farms in Pržno and Hošťálková. On farm in Pržno, the calves are housed in a group pen with milk feeding machines Urban Alma Pro. On the farm in Hošťálková, it is the most common for the calves to be housed in individual outdoor sheds. Thesis compares the weight of calves at birth, the weight of calves at weaning and the average daily gain compering individual farms. Furthermore, the consumption of milk feed mixture is measured in the Urban Alma Pro system on a farm in Pržno. Based on my own findings, I can state that on the farm in Pržno the weight of calves at birth was lower also the weight of calves at weaning and the average daily gain was higher than on the farm in Hošťálková. The average consumption of the milk feed mixture using the Urban Alma Pro system was lower compared to the optimal average consumption. This could be caused by unfamiliarity of the new environment and possible diseases contracted by calves. The rearing of calves on the farm in Pržno was therefore more efficient for agricultural production, more beneficial from the health point of view of the calves, less financially demanding and more natural for the calves thanks to the Urban Alma Pro system. The main advantage is the possibility of drinking the milk mixture six times a day in smaller doses. In the normal rearing of calves on the farm in Hošťálková, it is at best possible to feed the calves with milk feed mixture only twice a day.
|
|
|
Nové trendy ve fázové výživě dojnic
REJZKOVÁ, Martina
When feeding dairy cows, quality forage must be the main ingredient. Prolonged feeding of poor-quality feed can lead to metabolic disorders, weak calves, reduced reproductive capacity, mastitis and other problems. Phase feeding is widely used in dairy cattle nutrition because it is probably the best way to meet the nutrient needs of dairy cows at different stages of lactation, even when standing dry. The basis for respecting the physiological needs of dairy cows is the creation of balanced groups of dairy cows. Nutrition is very important, especially in the transition period of dairy cows. That is to say, the 3 weeks before and 3 weeks after parturition, when dairy cows need the best quality feed and, above all, the greatest nutritional care. These six weeks are crucial for maintaining good health, the production and reproductive efficiency of the dairy cow and the profitability of the entire herd. Modern knowledge guarantees higher milk production and better satisfaction of nutrient requirements. In 2021, after almost 20 years, a new standard, NASEM 2021, was published which gives the expected nutrient recommendation for dairy cattle. Other modern findings include the increasing use of robotic milking parlours with automatic feeding, or the use of vitalimeters or pH probes to monitor digestive pro-cesses and overall animal activity.
|
|
|
Vliv vybraných minerálních prvků ve vztahu ke krevnímu obrazu u skotu.
DRESLER, Sylva
The aim of the current doctoral thesis is to evaluate the influence of the composition of a total mixed ration supplemented with dietary, organically bound zinc on health status and related hematological and biochemical parameters and mineral levels in blood in cows and their calves. The experimental part is divided in two subareas. The first experiment is monitoring the effect of supplementation of the organic form of zinc on lactation performance of cows and effect of TMR composition on the blood parameters of the hematological, metabolic, and mineral profile of cows and their calves. The second experiment is focused on an effect of the addition of organic zinc on blood parameters, health, and immunological status of weaned calves - metabolic profile, concentration of vitamins A and E, trace elements Cu and Zn, and total immunoglobulin levels in blood serum.
|
|
|
Zhodnocení výsledků reprodukce dojnic holštýnského a českého strakatého skotu ve vybraných chovech
VÁCA, Vít
The bachelor thesis deals with the issue of reproduction of dairy breeds of cattle, specifically Holstein and Czech pied cattle. The first part of the work includes a general acquaintance with breeds of Holstein cattle and Czech pied cattle, their basic characteristics and history. Another part of the work is focused on cattle reproduction. This chapter covers the main reproductive indicators, factors affecting reproduction and problems related to dairy reproduction. The following chapter deals with a detailed description of the estrous cycle of cows. The aim of the work is to evaluate the level of fertility and other selected indicators of dairy cow reproduction (especially insemination interval, service period, pregnancy after the first insemination, etc.) breeds Holstein cattle and Czech pied cattle in selected farms. Data from selected breeds were obtained from the database of the breeding organization for the breeding year 2020/2021. This data was then processed into tables and graphs and evaluated.
|
|
|
Posouzení zdravotního stavu dojnic ve vybraném chovu
KOCOUR, Daniel
The aim of the bachelor's thesis was to evaluate the occurrence of individual types of health disorders in the Agricultural Cooperative Lukavec in the period from January 2019 to January 2021. In this period, an average of 760 dairy cows of Czech spotted cattle were monitored. The literature review focuses on the most common diseases of the digestive system, mammary gland, musculoskeletal system, genital system and reproductive disorders. Describes the causes of the disease, their symptoms, diagnosis and methods of treatment. The practical part deals with individual diseases in the breeding, their development, the reasons for the disease, treatment methods and the amount of economic costs. The results showed that the breeding is most affected by mastitis, caused by poor zoohygienic conditions, quality of litter and short adaptation to new feeds. Musculoskeletal disorders were the second most common disease. During the second year, the incidence of dermatitis and necrobacillosis decreased in the second year due to a change in the procedure of hoof bathing, but on the contrary increased the incidence of toe ulcer, white line disease and Rusterholz ulcer due to the construction of a milking parlor and moving dairy cows over unsuitable floors. The third most afflicted disease was genital disease and reproductive disorders.
|
|
|
Fázová výživa dojeného skotu
SEZIMOVÁ, Kateřina
The bachelor's thesis deals with the phase nutrition of dairy cattle and its effects on the health and reproductive abilities of dairy cows. The literary section not only breaks down the nutrient needs in the various stages of dairy cow sustenance, but also the distribution of feed, feeding technology, feed ration composition, additives and important agents influencing the yield and reproduction of dairy cows. Furthermore, the practice recommendation focuses on the transit period and the need for mineral substances to maintain vitality before calving and even after calving. At the same time, it was stated how welfare, more specifically the stress of moving groups during the transit period, was able to reduce feed intake. When feed intake falls and the stress of moving dairy cows occurs, there are frequent reproductive and metabolic diseases such as mastitis, metritis, sleaze dislocation and more.
|
|
|
Předpoklady realizace reprodukční schopnosti skotu z hlediska podmínek chovu
VACHOUŠKOVÁ, Jana
The objective of this thesis is a creation of an overview of different factors affecting reproduction performance of dairy cattle, obtaining data concerning reproduction performance of dairy cattle and reviewing reproduction performance in the year 2019. Data used in this thesis was gathered in Úněšovský statek, a.s. at farms in Pernarec and Chrančovice. Zootechnological archive and the records of Českomoravský Svaz Chovatelů were used to process the data and the information about the company was provided by Úněšovský statek, a.s. The main focus of the work is observation of the way in which a heat stress affects reproduction performance of dairy cows at Pernarec farm with milk utility of 11 877 kg and dairy cows at Chrančovice farm with milk utility of 12 103 kg. A THI-Cooper meter was installed in stables of mentioned farms in order to monitori temperature and humidity and produce temperature-humidity index values from 10.6.2019 to 14.9.2019. These values showed if/when the stabled cattle experienced heat stress. Results of this observation were later divided into three categories by severity of heat sress. Pernarec farm showed highest pregnancy rate (60%) during the time without heat stress. Chrančovice farm showed highest pregnancy rate (58%) during the time with medium heat sress. The overall results of the measuring imply that high pregancy rate was kept in Pernarec and Chrančovice farms even during high heat stress periods because of synchronization program used.
|
guest ::
